Beta Hydroxybutyrate
Before exercise or during fasting
Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is the primary ketone body produced by the liver when the body shifts to fat metabolism during fasting, extended exercise, or very low carbohydrate intake. As a supplement, exogenous BHB is available in ketone ester and ketone salt forms, allowing users to elevate blood ketone levels independently of diet. It has gained attention for its roles as both an energy substrate and a signaling molecule with effects on inflammation, gene expression, and metabolic regulation.
Research Evidence
Supports cognitive performance under metabolic stress such as fasting or hypoxia
ModerateExhibits anti-inflammatory signaling through HDAC inhibition
ModerateMay reduce perceived exertion during prolonged endurance exercise
LimitedServes as alternative brain fuel when glucose is limited
StrongMay help preserve lean mass during caloric restriction
LimitedRapidly elevates blood ketone levels when taken orally
StrongSafety & Cautions
Side Effects
- Nausea
- GI discomfort and bloating
- Unpleasant taste (especially esters)
- Transient drop in blood glucose
Exogenous BHB is generally well-tolerated at recommended doses, though gastrointestinal side effects are common when starting out. Individuals with diabetes or those on blood sugar–lowering medications should consult a healthcare provider, as BHB supplementation can influence glucose and insulin dynamics.
Pairs Well With
Price Comparison
From $0.50/ct
S
Sports ResearchBest Value
4.3
•60 ct$0.50/ct
$29.95 total